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Original Query
What is cancer refractory?
Search Results
- cancer refractory
Preview- It would appear that, cite the rates of response and toxicity seen with the combination of lapatinib and a novel schedule of capecitabine in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast (i.e., mamma, or teat) cancer refractory to trastuzumab. Schedule is in a clinical setting, the step-by-step plan for how patients are to be treated; for example, the drug or type of radiation (i.e., radiatio) therapy (i.e., therapeusis, or therapia) that is to be given, the method by which it is to be given, the amount of time between courses, and the total length of treatment. Breast cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk (i.e., strip, or lac) to the nipple (i.e., papilla mammae, or mammilla)) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male (i.e., masculine) breast (i.e., mamma masculina, or mamma virilis) cancer is rare. Breast, glandular (i.e., glandulous) organ located on the chest (i.e., pectus). The breast is made up of connective tissue (i.e., interstitial tissue, or supporting tissue), fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk. Also called mammary gland (i.e., glandula mammaria, or lactiferous gland). Trastuzumab is a drug used to treat breast cancer that is HER2-positive (expresses the human epidermal (i.e., epidermic) growth factor (i.e., gene) receptor 2). It is also used with other drugs to treat HER2-positive stomach (i.e., gaster, or ventriculus) cancer that has not already been treated and has spread to other parts of the body. It is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Trastuzumab binds to HER2 on the surface (i.e., face, or facies) of HER2-positive cancer cells, and may kill them. It is a type of monoclonal antibody. Also called Herceptin (i.e., transluzumab). Lapatinib is a drug used with another anticancer drug to treat breast cancer that is HER2 positive and has advanced or metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) after treatment with other drugs. Lapatinib is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is a type of ErbB-2 and EGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Also called GW572016, lapatinib ditosylate, and Tykerb. Toxicity is the extent to which something is poisonous (i.e., toxic, or toxicant) or harmful. Response is in medicine, an improvement related to treatment. Capecitabine is a drug used to treat stage III colon cancer in patients who had surgery to remove the cancer. It is also used to treat metastatic breast cancer that has not improved after treatment with certain other anticancer drugs. Capecitabine is being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It is taken up by cancer cells and breaks down into 5-fluorouracil, a substance that kills tumor (i.e., neoplasm) cells. Capecitabine is a type of antimetabolite. Also called Xeloda. Metastatic, having to do with metastasis (i.e., secondaries), which is the spread of cancer from the primary site (place where it started) to other places in the body.
- You can determine, a novel capecitabine schedule (7 on seven off) is feasible with lapatinib for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer refractory to trastuzumab.
- Apparently, we report fifty-nine patients with metastatic breast cancer furnace lining to common therapies who were treated with whole body hyperthermia (40 degrees C) with low dose chemotherapy and immunomodulation five presented with brain metastases; thirteen with multiple bone metastases; eight with liver (i.e., hepar). Liver is a large organ located in the upper abdomen (i.e., venter). The liver cleanses the blood and aids (i.e., acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in digestion by secreting bile (i.e., gall). Immunomodulation, change in the body`s immune system, caused by agents that activate or suppress its function. Chemotherapy, treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Hyperthermia, abnormally high body temperature. This may be caused as part of treatment, by an infection, or by exposure to heat.
