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What is cancer pioglitazone?
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- cancer pioglitazone
Preview- It really is clear that, subjects at risk for lung (i.e., pulmo) cancer (based on smoking history, lung function testing, and atypical cells in a sputum sample) receive either placebo (i.e., active placebo) or pioglitazone and have chest (i.e., pectus) CAT (Computerized Axial (i.e., axialis, or axile) Tomography (i.e., conventional tomography, or planigraphy) (CAT)) scans and examinations of their airways with a bronchoscope (i.e., bronchofiberscope) at the start of the trial and after 6. Placebo is an inactive substance or treatment that looks the same as, and is given the same way as, an active drug or treatment being tested. The effects of the active drug or treatment are compared to the effects of the placebo. Lung, one of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body. Bronchoscope is a thin, tube (i.e., tuba)-like instrument used to examine the interior of the trachea (i.e., windpipe), bronchi (air passages that lead to the lungs), and lungs. A bronchoscope has a light and a lens (i.e., crystalline lens) for viewing, and may have a tool to remove tissue. Sputum, mucus and other matter (i.e., substance) brought up from the lungs by coughing. Lung cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages. The two main types are small cell (i.e., oat cell) lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. These types are diagnosed based on how the cells look under a microscope.
- It seems that, to address the long-term risk of bladder cancer associated with pioglitazone use, the drug manufacturer (Takeda) is conducting a ten-year, observational cohort study (i.e., follow-up study) as well as a nested case-control study in patients with diabetes who are members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Cohort study is a research study that compares a particular outcome (such as lung cancer) in groups of individuals who are alike in many ways but differ by a certain characteristic (i.e., character) (for example, female nurses who smoke compared with those who do not smoke). Bladder is the organ that stores urine. Case-control study is a study that compares two groups of people: those with the disease or condition under study (cases) and a very similar group of people who do not have the disease or condition (controls). Researchers study the medical and lifestyle histories of the people in each group to learn what factors may be associated with the disease or condition. For example, one group may have been exposed to a particular substance that the other was not. Also called retrospective study. Diabetes, any of several diseases in which the kidneys make a large amount of urine. Diabetes usually refers to diabetes mellitus in which there is also a high level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood because the body does not make enough insulin or use it the way it should. Cohort is a group of individuals who share a common trait, such as birth year. In medicine, a cohort is a group that is part of a clinical trial or study and is observed over a period of time. Medicine, refers to the practices and procedures used for the prevention, treatment, or relief of symptoms of a diseases or abnormal conditions. This term may also refer to a legal drug used for the same purpose. Clinical, having to do with the examination and treatment of patients. Bladder cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the bladder (the organ that stores urine). Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder). Other types include squamous (i.e., scaly) cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (i.e., glandular cancer, or glandular carcinoma) (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). The cells that form squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma develop in the inner lining of the bladder as a result of chronic irritation and inflammation.
- It has been discovered that, the agency first issued a warning about the risk for bladder cancer with pioglitazone in June, after an analysis of data from 193,099 patients with diabetes revealed that those taking the drug for more than a year had a 40% increased risk for bladder cancer. Analysis is a process (i.e., processus) in which anything complex (i.e., sequence) is separated into simple or less complex parts.
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