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Cancer - What is prognostic impact regional lymph node spread
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- cancer prognostic impact regional lymph node spread
Lymph node is a rounded mass of lymphatic tissue that is surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue. Lymph nodes filter lymph (lymphatic fluid), and they store lymphocytes (white blood cells). They are located along lymphatic vessels. Also called lymph gland. Regional is in oncology, describes the body area right around a tumor. Lymph is the clear fluid that travels through the lymphatic system and carries cells that help fight infections and other diseases. Also called lymphatic fluid. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy. Regional lymph node is in oncology, a lymph node that drains lymph from the region around a tumor.
Preview- It would appear that, in the 7th edition of AJCC gastric cancer staging, pathologic assessment of the regional lymph nodes entails their removal and histologic examination to evaluate the total number of nodes, as well as the number that contain TDs, and TDs in the fat adjacent to a gastric regional LNM without evidence of residual lymph node tissue were considered as LNM [12]. In the light of these considerations, the aim of the present study is to investigate the possibility of counting TDs as metastatic lymph nodes in TNM classification when LNM and TDs exist simultaneously and to indentify its prognostic value for colorectal cancer patients. Staging, performing exams and tests to learn the extent of the cancer within the body, especially whether the disease has spread from the original site to other parts of the body. It is important to know the stage of the disease in order to plan the best treatment. Colorectal, having to do with the colon or the rectum. Gastric cancer, cancer that forms in tissues lining the stomach. Also called stomach cancer. Metastatic, having to do with metastasis, which is the spread of cancer from the primary site (place where it started) to other places in the body. Tissue is a group or layer of cells that work together to perform a specific function. Histologic examination is the examination of tissue specimens under a microscope. Gastric, having to do with the stomach. Colorectal cancer, cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus). Assessment is in healthcare, a process used to learn about a patient`s condition. This may include a complete medical history, medical tests, a physical exam, a test of learning skills, tests to find out if the patient is able to carry out the tasks of daily living, a mental health evaluation, and a review of social support and community resources available to the patient.
- It has been discovered that, the distribution and the prognostic impact of regional lymph node spread from nasopharynx cancer, particularly of the undifferentiated type, are different from those of other head and neck mucosal cancers and justify the use of a different regional lymph node classification scheme. Nasopharynx is the upper part of the throat behind the nose. An opening on each side of the nasopharynx leads into the ear. Undifferentiated is a term used to describe cells or tissues that do not have specialized ( mature ) structures or functions. Undifferentiated cancer cells often grow and spread quickly.
- It`s possible to conclude that, in this prospective study we assessed the frequency and prognostic significance of early lymphatic tumor cell spread to regional lymph nodes staged as tumor free by conventional histopathology by applying an immunohistochemical assay using monoclonal antibody Ber-Ep4. Histopathology is the study of diseased cells and tissues using a microscope. Assay is a laboratory test to find and measure the amount of a specific substance. Cell is the individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. Antibody is a protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen (a substance that causes the body to make a specific immune response). Each antibody can bind to only one specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. An antibody is a type of immunoglobulin. Prospective is in medicine, a study or clinical trial in which participants are identified and then followed forward in time. Tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Tumors may be benign (not cancer), or malignant (cancer). Also called neoplasm. Monoclonal antibody is a type of protein made in the laboratory that can bind to substances in the body, including tumor cells. There are many kinds of monoclonal antibodies. Each monoclonal antibody is made to find one substance. Monoclonal antibodies are being used to treat some types of cancer and are being studied in the treatment of other types. They can be used alone or to carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive materials directly to a tumor.
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