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What is cancer anti-VEGFR monoclonal antibody?
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- cancer anti-vegfr monoclonal antibody
Anti-VEGFR monoclonal antibody is a monoclonal antibody being studied in the treatment of some types of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies are made in the laboratory and can locate and bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells. Anti-VEGFR monoclonal antibodies bind to receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and keeps VEGF from binding to them. This may stop the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. It is a type of antiangiogenesis agent. Antibody is a protein made by plasma cells (a type of white blood cell) in response to an antigen (a substance that causes the body to make a specific immune response). Each antibody can bind to only one specific antigen. The purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen. Some antibodies destroy antigens directly. Others make it easier for white blood cells to destroy the antigen. An antibody is a type of immunoglobulin. Monoclonal antibody is a type of protein made in the laboratory that can bind to substances in the body, including tumor cells. There are many kinds of monoclonal antibodies. Each monoclonal antibody is made to find one substance. Monoclonal antibodies are being used to treat some types of cancer and are being studied in the treatment of other types. They can be used alone or to carry drugs, toxins, or radioactive materials directly to a tumor. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy.
Preview- It might seem apparant that, these variants are typically aggregates, deamidation products, glycosylation variants, oxidized amino acid side chains, as well as amino and carboxyl terminal amino acid additions.[8] These seemingly minute changes in a monoclonal antibodys structure can have a profound effect on preclinical stability and process optimization as well as therapeutic product potency, bioavailability, and immunogenicity. The generally accepted method of purification of process streams for monoclonal antibodies includes capture of the product target with Protein A, elution, acidification to inactivate potential Mammalian viruses, followed by cation exchange chromatography, and finally anion exchange chromatography. Protein is a molecule made up of amino acids. Proteins are needed for the body to function properly. They are the basis of body structures, such as skin and hair, and of other substances such as enzymes, cytokines, and antibodies. Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate different substances in a mixture. A gas or a liquid is used to pass the mixture through a column, paper, or special plate that contains absorbing materials. The substances in the mixture are separated based on how far they move through the material. The different substances may be visible to the eye or detected by a special machine. Acidification is the process of making or becoming an acid. An acid is a substance that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals. Therapeutic, having to do with treating disease and helping healing take place. Amino acid, one of several molecules that join together to form proteins. There are 20 common amino acids found in proteins. Acid is a chemical that gives off hydrogen ions in water and forms salts by combining with certain metals. Acids have a sour taste and turn certain dyes red. Some acids made by the body, such as gastric acid, can help organs work the way they should. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid. Acidity is measured on a scale called the pH scale. On this scale, a value of 7 is neutral, and a pH value of less than 7 to 0 shows increasing acidity.
- As an example, the first monoclonal antibodies were made in the lab by fusing a myeloma (a type of bone marrow cancer) cell from a mouse with a mouse B cell that makes a certain antibody. B cell is a type of white blood cell that makes antibodies. B cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Also called B lymphocyte. Bone marrow is the soft, sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones. It produces white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Myeloma, cancer that arises in plasma cells, a type of white blood cell. Cell is the individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. Bone marrow cancer, cancer that forms in the blood-forming stem cells of the bone marrow (soft sponge-like tissue in the center of most bones). Bone marrow cancer includes leukemias and multiple myeloma.
- It has been found that, immunotoxins: These mAbs have cell poisons (toxins) attached to them, which makes them similar in many ways to chemolabeled mAbs. At this time no immunotoxins are approved to treat cancer, although many are being studied.
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