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Original Query
What is cancer interleukin-3?
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- cancer interleukin-3
Interleukin-3, one of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukin-3 is made mainly by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the number of blood cells made by the bone marrow. Interleukin-3 made in the laboratory is used as a biological response modifier to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. Interleukin-3 is a type of cytokine. Also called IL-3. Interleukin, one of a group of related proteins made by leukocytes (white blood cells) and other cells in the body. Interleukins regulate immune responses. Interleukins made in the laboratory are used as biological response modifiers to boost the immune system in cancer therapy. An interleukin is a type of cytokine. Also called IL. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy.
Preview- It would appear apparant that, the present invention is also directed to a method for preventing a relapse of cancer in a human previously treated for the cancer, comprising administering to a human in need of such prevention who had been previously treated for cancer, a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of an interleukin-3-diphtheria toxin conjugate effective to prevent the relapse of the cancer and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the cancer cells or the cancer stem cells express the alpha and beta subunits of the interleukin-3 receptor, with the proviso that the cancer is not myeloid leukemia. In another embodiment, the invention is directed to a method for preventing a relapse of myeloid leukemia in a human previously treated for myeloid leukemia, comprising administering to a human in need of such prevention who had been previously treated for myeloid leukemia, a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of an interleukin-3-diphtheria toxin conjugate effective to prevent the relapse of myeloid leukemia and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in which the conjugate is administered at a dose of greater than 4 g/kg per (by or through) day. Receptor is a molecule inside or on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific effect in the cell. Leukemia, cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream. Prevention is in medicine, action taken to decrease the chance of getting a disease or condition. For example, cancer prevention includes avoiding risk factors (such as smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and radiation exposure) and increasing protective factors (such as getting regular physical activity, staying at a healthy weight, and having a healthy diet). Myeloid, having to do with or resembling the bone marrow. May also refer to certain types of hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells found in the bone marrow. Sometimes used as a synonym for myelogenous; for example, acute myeloid leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia are the same disease. Toxin is a poison made by certain bacteria, plants, or animals, including insects. Relapse is the return of a disease or the signs and symptoms of a disease after a period of improvement.
- It would appear that, in yet another aspect, the disease or disorder that displays or is characterized by the presence or over-presence of a type of cell that expresses one or more subunits of the interleukin-3 receptor. Exemplary diseases or disorders that can be treated in this embodiment of the invention include, but are not limited to, allergic diseases or disorders, autoimmune diseases or disorders, inflammatory diseases or disorders, or cancers that are not acute myeloid leukemia. In aspects where the disease or disorder is cancer, the cancer can be refractory, or multidrug resistant. Acute, symptoms or signs that begin and worsen quickly; not chronic. Acute myeloid leukemia is an aggressive (fast-growing) disease in which too many myeloblasts (immature white blood cells that are not lymphoblasts) are found in the bone marrow and blood. Also called acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, AML, and ANLL. Refractory is in medicine, describes a disease or condition that does not respond to treatment. Inflammatory, having to do with inflammation (redness, swelling, pain, and a feeling of heat that helps protect tissues affected by injury or disease).
- It is obvious that, the Mosaic Spot Assay, which is based on the principals of the DiSC Assay, is a highly accurate, validated, reproducible, 4-day assay for detecting drug resistance in tumor cells. Living cancer cells are differentially stained with Wright Giemsa in hematologic tumors exposed to chemotherapeutic agents. The Mosaic Spot Assay was developed for use in hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. Based on 510 published clinical correlations, this assay identifies patients that will not respond to a cancer therapeutic with 92% accuracy. The Mosaic Spot Assay is performed using non-dividing cells and has the advantage of having a morphological endpoint. It can also be used to assess activity of new agents and profile drug cross resistance patterns. Clinical, having to do with the examination and treatment of patients. Assay is a laboratory test to find and measure the amount of a specific substance. Tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Tumors may be benign (not cancer), or malignant (cancer). Also called neoplasm. Endpoint is in clinical trials, an event or outcome that can be measured objectively to determine whether the intervention being studied is beneficial. The endpoints of a clinical trial are usually included in the study objectives. Some examples of endpoints are survival, improvements in quality of life, relief of symptoms, and disappearance of the tumor. Lymphoma, cancer that begins in cells of the immune system. There are two basic categories of lymphomas. One kind is Hodgkin lymphoma, which is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The other category is non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which includes a large, diverse group of cancers of immune system cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be further divided into cancers that have an indolent (slow-growing) course and those that have an aggressive (fast-growing) course. These subtypes behave and respond to treatment differently. Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur in children and adults, and prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and the type of cancer.
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