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What is cancer DX-8951f?
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- cancer dx-8951f
Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy.
Preview- As an example, mol Endocrinology 3 (1):157-164), the camptothecin-resistant cell lines CEM/C1 and CEM/C2 and their parental cell line CEM (Kapoor et al., 1995. Oncology Research 7; 83-95), the TWIST overexpressing cell line HNE1-T3 and its parental cell line (Oncogene (2004) 23, 474-482), the paclitaxel-resistant subclones of the human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3 and SKOV-3 (Clin Cancer Res (2003) 9, 2778-2785), the mitoxantrone-resistant colon cancer carcinome cell line HT29/MIT and its parental cell line HT29 (Cancer Res (2001) 61, 6034-6037), and the etoposide-resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/VP and its parental cell line MCF-7 (Cancer Res (1994) 54, 152-158; Int J Cancer (1997) 71, 35-41)(. Etoposide is a drug used to treat testicular and small cell lung cancers. It is also being studied in the treatment of several other types of cancer. Etoposide blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of podophyllotoxin derivative and a type of topoisomerase inhibitor. Also called Toposar and Vepesid. Cell is the individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. Breast, glandular organ located on the chest. The breast is made up of connective tissue, fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk. Also called mammary gland. Breast cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare. Paclitaxel is a drug used to treat breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. It is also used together with another drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Paclitaxel is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. It blocks cell growth by stopping cell division and may kill cancer cells. It is a type of antimitotic agent. Also called Taxol. Oncogene is a gene that is a mutated (changed) form of a gene involved in normal cell growth. Oncogenes may cause the growth of cancer cells. Mutations in genes that become oncogenes can be inherited or caused by being exposed to substances in the environment that cause cancer. Mitoxantrone is a drug used to treat advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormones, adult acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and advanced or chronic multiple sclerosis. It is also being studied in the treatment of other cancers. It belongs to the family of drugs called antitumor antibiotics. Also called Novantrone. Ovarian cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the ovary (one of a pair of female reproductive glands in which the ova, or eggs, are formed). Most ovarian cancers are either ovarian epithelial carcinomas (cancer that begins in the cells on the surface of the ovary) or malignant germ cell tumors (cancer that begins in egg cells). Colon is the longest part of the large intestine, which is a tube-like organ connected to the small intestine at one end and the anus at the other. The colon removes water and some nutrients and electrolytes from partially digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus. Cancer cell line, cancer cells that keep dividing and growing over time, under certain conditions in a laboratory. Cancer cell lines are used in research to study the biology of cancer and to test cancer treatments. Oncology is the study of cancer. Colon cancer, cancer that forms in the tissues of the colon (the longest part of the large intestine). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas (cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Ovarian, having to do with the ovaries, the female reproductive glands in which the ova (eggs) are formed. The ovaries are located in the pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. Camptothecin is an anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called topoisomerase inhibitors. Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the endocrine system, which includes the glands and organs that make hormones. These disorders include diabetes, infertility, and thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary gland problems.
- It appears that, such tumors include any tumor for which camptothecin and its analogues have shown activities. Examples of such tumors include ovarian cancer and small-cell lung cancer, for which both topotecan and irinotecan have shown effectiveness, colorectal cancer, upper gastrointestinal malignancies, non-small-cell lung cancer, mesothelioma, and head and neck cancer, for which irinotecan has shown effectiveness, small-cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, leukemia, lymphoma cancers and malignant melanoma. Lung cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells lining air passages. The two main types are small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. These types are diagnosed based on how the cells look under a microscope. Topotecan is a drug used to treat certain types of ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer. Topotecan is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor. Also called Hycamtin and topotecan hydrochloride. Prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system. The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen. Prostate cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the prostate (a gland in the male reproductive system found below the bladder and in front of the rectum). Prostate cancer usually occurs in older men. Gastrointestinal, refers to the stomach and intestines. Also called GI. Cervical cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the cervix (the organ connecting the uterus and vagina). It is usually a slow-growing cancer that
may not have symptoms but can be found with regular Pap tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope). Cervical cancer is almost always caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Irinotecan is the active ingredient in a drug used alone or with other drugs to treat colon cancer or rectal cancer that has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after treatment with fluorouracil. It is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer. Irinotecan blocks certain enzymes needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. It is a type of topoisomerase inhibitor and a type of camptothecin analog. Colorectal, having to do with the colon or the rectum. Head and neck cancer, cancer that arises in the head or neck region (in the nasal cavity, sinuses, lips, mouth, salivary glands, throat, or larynx [voice box]). Mesothelioma is a benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer) tumor affecting the lining of the chest or abdomen. Exposure to asbestos particles in the air increases the risk of developing malignant mesothelioma. Lymphoma, cancer that begins in cells of the immune system. There are two basic categories of lymphomas. One kind is Hodgkin lymphoma, which is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The other category is non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which includes a large, diverse group of cancers of immune system cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be further divided into cancers that have an indolent (slow-growing) course and those that have an aggressive (fast-growing) course. These subtypes behave and respond to treatment differently. Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur in children and adults, and prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and the type of cancer. Leukemia, cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of blood cells to be produced and enter the bloodstream. Colorectal cancer, cancer that develops in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine) and/or the rectum (the last several inches of the large intestine before the anus). Melanoma is a form of cancer that begins in melanocytes (cells that make the pigment melanin). It may begin in a mole (skin melanoma), but can also begin in other pigmented tissues, such as in the eye or in the intestines. Malignant, cancerous. Malignant cells can invade and destroy nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body. Lung, one of a pair of organs in the chest that supplies the body with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide from the body. Cervical, relating to the neck, or to the neck of any organ or structure. Cervical lymph nodes are located in the neck. Cervical cancer refers to cancer of the uterine cervix, which is the lower, narrow end (the neck ) of the uterus.
It has been discovered that, in certain embodiments, the methods and compositions of the present invention can be used to treat tumors resistant or refractory to taxanes. Such tumors include, for example, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, peritoneal cancer, ovarian cancer, bronchial cancer, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, gastric, prostate, and head and neck cancer, including recurrent squamous cell carcinomas. Peritoneal, having to do with the parietal peritoneum (the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity) and visceral peritoneum (the tissue that covers most of the organs in the abdomen, including the intestines). Peritoneal cancer, cancer of the tissue that lines the abdominal wall and covers organs in the abdomen. Squamous cell, flat cell that looks like a fish scale under a microscope. These cells cover inside and outside surfaces of the body. They are found in the tissues that form the surface of the skin, the lining of the hollow organs of the body (such as the bladder, kidney, and uterus), and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts. Gastric, having to do with the stomach. Non-small cell lung cancer is a group of lung cancers that are named for the kinds of cells found in the cancer and how the cells look under a microscope. The three main types of non-small cell lung cancer are squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common kind of lung cancer. Refractory is in medicine, describes a disease or condition that does not respond to treatment. Bronchial, having to do with the bronchi, which are the larger air passages of the lungs, including those that lead from the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs and those within the lungs. Small cell lung cancer is an aggressive (fast-growing) cancer that forms in tissues of the lung and can spread to other parts of the body. The cancer cells look small and oval-shaped when looked at under a microscope.
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