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What is cancer ELISA?
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- cancer elisa
ELISA is a laboratory technique that uses antibodies linked to enzymes to detect and measure the amount of a substance in a solution, such as serum. The test is done using a solid surface to which the antibodies and other molecules stick. In the final step, an enzyme reaction takes place that causes a color change that can be read using a special machine. There are many different ways that an ELISA can be done. ELISAs may be used to help diagnose certain diseases. Also called enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy.
Preview- It might seem to be apparant that, other tumor biomarkers, including prostate specific antigen, bind circulating proteins [38] that may affect detection ability. Secondly, since detection of early stage cancer is currently challenging, we hypothesized that if we could develop a more sensitive fl-OPN assay, it may be useful in detecting disease before advanced stages. Biologically, OPN expression has typically been shown to increase with tumor progression, suggesting it as a theoretical biomarker of cancer progression [6,7,39]. Progression is in medicine, the course of a disease, such as cancer, as it becomes worse or spreads in the body. Stage is the extent of a cancer in the body. Staging is usually based on the size of the tumor, whether lymph nodes contain cancer, and whether the cancer has spread from the original site to other parts of the body. Prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system. The prostate surrounds the part of the urethra (the tube that empties the bladder) just below the bladder, and produces a fluid that forms part of the semen. Assay is a laboratory test to find and measure the amount of a specific substance. Tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that results when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. Tumors may be benign (not cancer), or malignant (cancer). Also called neoplasm. Antigen, any substance that causes the body to make a specific immune response.
- It could seem to be apparant that, compared to commercially available OPN standards and ELISA kits, we find that our novel ELISA has increased sensitivity to low levels of fl-OPN, and is accurate in quantifying known OPN standards. Similar to previous studies, our assay found elevated circulating fl-OPN levels in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The discrepancies between our results and previous quantification of plasma fl-OPN in breast cancer patients are significant, and difficult to resolve. Metastatic, having to do with metastasis, which is the spread of cancer from the primary site (place where it started) to other places in the body. Significant is in statistics, describes a mathematical measure of difference between groups. The difference is said to be significant if it is greater than what might be expected to happen by chance alone. Also called statistically significant. Plasma is the clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. The proteins that form blood clots are in plasma. Sensitivity, when referring to a medical test, sensitivity refers to the percentage of people who test positive for a specific disease among a group of people who have the disease. No test has 100% sensitivity because some people who have the disease will test negative for it (false negatives). Breast, glandular organ located on the chest. The breast is made up of connective tissue, fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk. Also called mammary gland. Breast cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare.
- You can determine, one recent study directly compared these assays to quantify plasma OPN from patients with head and neck cancer or cervical cancer. Cervical cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the cervix (the organ connecting the uterus and vagina). It is usually a slow-growing cancer that may not have symptoms but can be found with regular Pap tests (a procedure in which cells are scraped from the cervix and looked at under a microscope). Cervical cancer is almost always caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Head and neck cancer, cancer that arises in the head or neck region (in the nasal cavity, sinuses, lips, mouth, salivary glands, throat, or larynx [voice box]). Cervical, relating to the neck, or to the neck of any organ or structure. Cervical lymph nodes are located in the neck. Cervical cancer refers to cancer of the uterine cervix, which is the lower, narrow end (the neck ) of the uterus.
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