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What is cancer stem cells?
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- cancer stem cells
Stem cell is a cell from which other types of cells develop. For example, blood cells develop from blood-forming stem cells. Cell is the individual unit that makes up the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. There are several main types of cancer. Carcinoma is a cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs. Sarcoma is a cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow, and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood. Lymphoma and multiple myeloma are cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system. Central nervous system cancers are cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord. Also called malignancy.
Preview- One can recognize, city of Hopes George Somlo, M.D., co-director of the Breast Cancer Program and principal investigator of a City of Hope clinical trial allowing for the collaboration on the paper, said cancer stem cells may be critical to cancer recurrence months or even years after patients are treated. Investigator is a researcher in a clinical trial or clinical study. Breast, glandular organ located on the chest. The breast is made up of connective tissue, fat, and breast tissue that contains the glands that can make milk. Also called mammary gland. Breast cancer, cancer that forms in tissues of the breast, usually the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) and lobules (glands that make milk). It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare. Recurrence, cancer that has recurred (come back), usually after a period of time during which the cancer could not be detected. The cancer may come back to the same place as the original (primary) tumor or to another place in the body. Also called recurrent cancer. Clinical trial is a type of research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people. These studies test new methods of screening, prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of a disease. Also called clinical study. Clinical, having to do with the examination and treatment of patients. Principal investigator is the person(s) in charge of a clinical trial or a scientific research grant. The principal investigator prepares and carries out the clinical trial protocol (plan for the study) or research paid for by the grant. The principal investigator also analyzes the data and reports the results of the trial or grant research. Also called PI.
- You can recognize, cancer stem cells may be more inherently resistant to oxidant damage from radiation and chemotherapy Chemotherapy, treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells. Radiation, energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include radon gas, cosmic rays from outer space, medical x-rays, and energy given off by a radioisotope (unstable form of a chemical element that releases radiation as it breaks down and becomes more stable).
- It is obvious that, tested the hypothesis that the frequency of cancer stem cells can best be tested by transfer of a titrated number of mouse cancer cells into non-irradiated histocompatible recipient mice.(48) They harvested murine pre-B/B lymphoma cells from E-myc transgenic mice and injected them into non-irradiated congenic mice. Even with as few as 10 cells injected, all recipient mice developed lymphoma, whereas only a small fraction (~25%) of the primary cells displayed the characteristic stem cell markers. Recipient is in medicine, a person who receives blood, cells, tissue, or an organ from another person, such as in a blood transfusion or an organ transplant. Irradiated, treated with radiation. Lymphoma, cancer that begins in cells of the immune system. There are two basic categories of lymphomas. One kind is Hodgkin lymphoma, which is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the Reed-Sternberg cell. The other category is non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which includes a large, diverse group of cancers of immune system cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas can be further divided into cancers that have an indolent (slow-growing) course and those that have an aggressive (fast-growing) course. These subtypes behave and respond to treatment differently. Both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas can occur in children and adults, and prognosis and treatment depend on the stage and the type of cancer. Hypothesis is a tentative proposal made to explain certain observations or facts that requires further investigation to be verified. Transgenic mice, mice that have had DNA from another source put into their DNA. The foreign DNA is put into the nucleus of a fertilized mouse egg. The new DNA becomes part of every cell and tissue of the mouse. These mice are used in the laboratory to study diseases.
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